1977-1985

 

PEOPLE'S UNION FOR DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS PUBLICATIONS.

 

(From 1977-1980 these reports were published by the Peoples Union for Civil Liberties and Democratic Rights, Delhi Chapter. From 1981 onwards, they were published by the Peoples Union for Democratic Rights, Delhi.)

1977



DISSENTING VOICES     

..Let them make children beg

but why call that education?

Let them kill the poor

but why call that democracy?

These are the voices of poets from some of the languages of India.  The anthology shows that the poetic conscience of India is not silent at the time of crisis.

 

ALIGARH RIOTS  

A fact-finding team report on the riots in Aligarh on 5th Oct. '78.  The team felt that communal disturbances were caused by a series of tension-ridden events which were allowed to develop from June onwards. It reached the climax on 5th October when Hindu communalists ran berserk against poor Muslims.

DISTURBED AREAS - JAGITYALA & SIRSILLA

A fact-finding team report on the measures used against the peasant movement in parts of Telangana area of Andhra Pradesh.  Since August 1978 - arrest of around 800 peasants, institution of scores of criminal cases, firing on peasants by police and landlords, setting up of police camps in villages and culminating in the notification of the two taluks of Karimnagar district as disturbed areas.

 

1979



REPRESSION IN SINGHBHUM

The report of an investigation into the frequent instances of police firing on Adivasis in Chaibasa, and oppression of landless labourers in Baharagora areas of Singhbhum in Bihar. Large' scale arrests, beatings and molestations of women were reported through the latter part of 1978 and into 1979.

 

FARIDABAD INCIDENTS

A fact-finding report into the police firing on 17 October 1979 in Faridabad where, in one of the worst orgies of violence, the Haryana police ran berserk and killed innocent people. The team which toured the area found that when a strike call was given by various trade unions, the provocation came from the police when the SI opened fire on an unarmed demonstration.

SIX PARLIAMENTS AND DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS

Caste and communal violence, extraordinary laws and regulations, inhuman tortures, increasing police firings, slow judicial process and abominable jail conditions are some of the forms of attack on democratic rights.  Six parliaments have come and gone, five prime ministers have changed, promises were made and assurances given.  But the attack on people's rights continues.  This report, essentially based on government data brings out the continuity of the assault.

 

1980



ASSAM UNREST

A fact-finding team report on the agitation in Assam and reports of violence, arson, intimidation and killings.  The team interviewed leaders from major political, social & student organizations, journalists, teachers and also- representatives of linguistic and tribal minorities in Assam.

BILASPUR INCIDENTS

A fact-finding team report on the burning of Harijan huts in Bilaspur allegedly by Jat landlords. The team feels that the Haryana police is covering up the incidents and is spreading the rumour that Harijans set fire to the huts themselves to cash in on the political atmosphere in the country.

REPORT ON BEGGING IN DELHI

A study on the working of the Bombay Prevention of Begging Act, 1959, as adopted & extended to the Union Territory of Delhi.  The report has an annexure on cases from Beggars' Court, Kingsway camp.

RAPE, SOCIETY AND STATE

"... Rape to hazaron saal se hota raha hai aur aurat to bhogne ki cheez hai"  a senior cabinet minister has remarked.  The attitude towards women embedded in our ancient culture has not undergone any basic change. The report comments upon the role of the state in this context and also the protest movements against rape.

REPORT ON THE ATTACK ON WRITERS IN KERALA

A report on the spate of arrests of writers, cultural activists and labourers, many of whom were tortured, from May 21 to July 31.  The report concludes that governments in all states pay scant attention to democratic values and the right to dissent.

 

 

1981



REPRESSION ON MINERS MOVEMENT

A report of a fact-finding team on the arrests of leaders of the Chhattisgarh Mines Shramik Sangh (CMSS) on 11 February and subsequent police actions in the Dalli Rajhara Area.

ADIVASIS OF ADILABAD

A fact-finding report into a police firing on a Girijan Rytu Coolie Sangham meeting at Indervalli, which was reported to have left 60 dead and 100 injured.  The fact that Gonds have been continuously alienated from their land and forest produce has been the main reason for tensions.  Efforts by the tribals to organise themselves faced stiff resistance from the state.

MODINAGAR MURDERS

A fact-finding team report on the murder of Mr Jaya Prakash, a trade union leader on 29th June 1981. The team feels that these incidents point to a general increase in murders with money power and political power colluding, and using the police to browbeat and terrorise trade union workers.

WHO BURNT BASANTI DEVI?

An investigation into the alleged torture of a Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) woman worker by the East Delhi police (Shakurpur) on the evening of June 30th 1981.

JHUGGI DWELLERS OF NEW SEEMAPURI

A report on the demolition of 499 jhuggis in New Seemapuri on 25 August 1981.

CONVENTION PAPERS: Science Culture & Democratic Rights.

The papers submitted for the 1st Annual Convention of PUDR include, an analysis into the relevance, the need for, and the larger political context of PUDR, an attempt to draw a connection between science and democratic values by Prabir Mitra and a paper on “Cultural Coercion and Creative Obligations” by the Hindi poet, Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena.

AGRARIAN UNREST IN PATNA

A fact-finding team report into repression in Patna district, Bihar.  It includes a Socio-economic background into the area and an analysis of the mass based democratic movement of poor peasants and agricultural labourers. The report concludes that the State Government and its police, with the active support of landlords and the explicit or implicit co-operation of all major political parties was attempting to suppress the movement.

 

1982



ISSUES BEYOND DELHI UNIVERSITY

A report condemning the premeditated attack on a Delhi University lecturer, who had protested against the College authorities.

UNDECLARED CIVIL WAR

A report on the Forest Bill, which was soon to be enacted.  The Government stated its objectives behind introduction of this bill as protection of the fast depleting forests in the country.  But the bill has far-reaching implications for our economy, environment, democratic polity, and for the people who inhabit these forests.  The report presents a critique of the forest policy and appeals to all democratic sections to oppose the bill and demand its withdrawal.

ENQUIRY INTO THE POLICE FIRING AT BHARWELI MINES

A joint fact-finding team with the People's Union for Civil Liberties (Madhya Pradesh), and the Committee for the Protection of Democratic Rights (Nagpur) visited Bharweli and Balaghat, where 3 workers working in the mine of the Manganese Ore (India) Ltd.. (MOIL)  were killed in a police firing, several others were injured and 15 leading activists were put in prison.  The fact-finding team viewed the police firing as a continuation of the systematic harassment faced by the workers in their attempt to organize into an independent union.

CLAMPING DOWN ON WORKING CLASS RIGHTS

A report on the Hospitals and other Institutions (Settlement of Disputes) Bill 1982, explaining it in the light of the already existing National Security Act (NSA) and the Essential Services Maintenance Act (ESMA).  The report includes a summary of the chapters of the bill and its consequences.

THE OTHER FACE OF ASIAD 82

The fact-finding report provides a documentary glimpse into the untold and sordid story that lies behind Asiad '82.  The report contains extracts from the writ petition filed by PUDR in the Supreme Court, and sections from the historic judgment of Justice Bhagwati and Justice Bahrul Islam. This judgement has far-reaching implications for the locus standi of petitioners, for the employment of children and migrant labour, and for civil and political rights in general.

 

1983



ONE YEAR OF A STRUGGLE

A report on the completion of one year of the strike by over 2.5 lakh textile workers of Bombay. By sheer magnitude and number this strike is the longest and most tenacious in the history of the trade union movement in India.

CONVENTION PAPERS: Legal System, Judiciary and Democratic Rights           

Papers for the 2nd annual convention of PUDR consist of:

(a)  Taking suffering seriously: a paper by Upendra Baxi on social action litigation by the Supreme Court.

(b)  A paper on locus standi and public interest litigation by Govinda Mukhoty.

(c)  Costs of (IN) Justice: on the costs of court cases.

(d)  A synopsis of Criminal Law and Democratic Rights.

(o)  A paper on the State Legal System and Social Movement by Arun Bose.

JUSTICE LIMITED

A report dealing with the question: whether Public Interest Litigation which focuses on problem of implementing the basic right of the people and holds a promise for democratic rights movement can fulfill this promise in a system consisting of outdated colonial laws and operating in a Society insensitive to the needs of the people and a government which treats each demand as a law and order problem.  The report contains a brief description of the Public Interest Litigation Cases taken up by PUDR.

ENDLESS WAR

A report on the Armed Forces (Assam and Manipur) Special Powers (Amendment) Act 1972, popularly known as the Disturbed Areas Act.  This act has a unique character in that the armed forces reign supreme over the civil powers. The report feels that the democratic public can no longer remain silent spectators, and must take a firm stand, because neither legal safeguards nor judicial intervention can replace individual consciences and collective wisdom.

ASSAM IS NOT FOR BURNING

The report deals with the widespread violence unleashed in the wake of the decision to hold elections; the impact of special acts and regulations invoked in Assam; the freedom of the press; the rights of government employees; and police atrocities and the deployment of paramilitary forces on people.

POLICE REPRESSION IN JEHANABAD

This is a joint report with the Association for Protection of Democratic Rights, West Bengal (APDR). The police, state administration and the landlords with its own armed forces had started a series of onslaughts on mass movements organised by the local peasants in Jehanabad.  The report concludes that the administration had totally failed to implement the minimum wages, land reforms etc. and that the police here are by no means a neutral force, but have strong connections with anti-social elements and are siding with the landlords against the people.

ANONYMOUS STRUGGLES

This report focuses on the democratic rights of unorganised labour in India, who constitute the single largest group of workers outside agriculture. It states that their anonymous struggles require more attention from the democratic sections of society.

FEWER RIGHTS, MORE BULLETS

A report on the Central Industrial Security Force (Amendment) Bill passed by the Lok Sabha on 3 May, 1983. The CISF has the responsibility to protect industrial undertakings owned by the Central Government, and if requested also those owned by the states.  The amendment is of a serious nature affecting both the personnel of the CISF and workers in the Public Sector.  The report says that the government while shielding the sources and extent of corruption in the public sector and fuming a blind eye to the dismal failure of the CISF to protect public property, is seeking simultaneously to curb unrest within the CISF and thereby make it a more coercive force for the repression of workers

SAHARJORI - ABANDONED MINERS OF SANTHAL PAR.GANAS

A coal mine was opened at Saharjori in Santhal Parganas district of Bihar by over 1000 miners, and operated by them as a co-operative. The miners were appealing to the government to take over the mine and operate it as a government-run mine. In response, the mine was bulldozed by the government and the miners were being harassed.  A fact-finding team was sent to investigate how and why the miners opened the mine in that backward area, and the response of the Government.

JEHANABAD: PEASANT MOVEMENT AND POLICE REPRESSION

Police repression on the peasant movement in Jehanabad block of Gaya District in Bihar has been attracting much attention.  On 18 May, 1983, newspapers reported the incident of a severe lathicharge at a conference of peasants.  People's Union for Civil Liberties (Bihar) and People's Union for Democratic Rights sent a fact-finding team.  The report clearly points out the close co-ordination with which the landlords, civil and police administration are operating against the peasant movement of Jehanabad.

AMD QUIET FLOWS THE GANGA

This documentary report on political killings in rural Bihar is a grim catalogue of death in a series of 48 incidents in which 185 people have been killed over a period of 192 weeks from January 1980 to June 1983.  It also attempts to bring out the context of social contradictions which have reached this explosive level.

UNIVERSITY SECURITY FORCE: UGC'S NEW SOLUTIONS

The report examines the wider implications of the decision of setting up a University Security Force.

 CONVENTION PAPERS : Mines, Mechanisation and People

(a) Economic background of a social conflict.

This paper critically examines the need and impact of the growing trend towards mechanisation in mines.

(b) Mines, Mechanisation and People: a paper by Shanker Guha Niyogi. This paper relates the issue with the direct experience of trade unions confronted with the problem of mechanisation.

(c) Environmental Impact of Mining.

(d) The Woman, the Machine and the Trade Union.

(a) Meghatuburu: Mechanisation in the Making of a Struggle.

(f) A comedy of Errors: Mechanisation and Planning in Iron Ore.

(g) Rapporteur's report on the IIIrd Annual Convention


1984



NTR'S ONE YEAR

This joint report with Andhra Pradesh Civil Liberties Committee (APCLC) presents the record of democratic rights and the tale of repression in Andhra Pradesh, this time by a non-Congress government.

10 people were killed in police firings, 3 in police "encounters", 6 by landlords, 310 villagers affected by police raids, and 55 brought under ESMA and NSA - all these are N.T. Rama Rao's achievements in one year of government. The report attempts to show that immediate attention from all democratic sections is necessary to counter the birth and growth of this culture of repression.

INSIDE THE FAMILY

 It is easy to document the exploitation and oppression of women outside the home, but the severest oppression takes place within the walls of the home itself. This report, which highlights the condition of women inside the family, and their democratic rights, concludes that the structure of the family, and the social norms and values that are built around it, are completely against the democratic principles our republic stands for. Hence, the democratic rights movement, to be true to its own principles, must seriously take up the question of the rights of women within the family.

KUMAON HILLS

A fact-finding report on the reported incidents of repression, both by police and goondas, on the people involved in an anti-liquor agitation in the Kumaon district of Uttar Pradesh.  The team found that the state had responded to it with indifference and at times was in direct collusion with the liquor traders.

ARE YOU A TERRORIST?

This leaflet deals with the Terrorist Affected Areas (Special Courts) Ordinance 1984, and other previous undemocratic laws introduced in Independent India. It explains the definition of "terrorist" in the law, and shows how innocent people, fighting for their rights, can be termed as “terrorists”.

WHO ARE THE GUILTY?        

The report of a joint enquiry into the anti-Sikh riots in Delhi, from 31st October to 10th November 1984. The fact-finding team of PUCL and PUDR came to the conclusion that the attacks on members of the Sikh community, far from being a spontaneous expression of "madness" and popular grief and anger as made out by the government, were the outcome of a well organised plan, marked by acts of both deliberate commission and omission by important politicians of Congress (I) at the top and the authorities in administration.

REPRESSION ON FOREST DWELLERS IN GADCHIROLI DISTRICT.

A joint-fact finding report uith CPDR (Bombay) and CPDR (Chandrapur - Gadchiroli) on police terror and torture faced by forest dwellers fighting for implementation

of fundamental rights to fair wages and land.

 

1985



MASSACRE IN BIHAR

An enquiry into the killings of 10 people in a Harijan basti in village Kaithibigha, Bihar. The discrepancies in the official versions of the killing and that the version recounted to the team by the people, makes one doubt the veracity of the official version. It was therefore demanded that a judicial enquiry be instituted and that all police officers found guilty, and others who helped them, should be punished.

BLACK LAW'S AND THE PEOPLE

The report of a fact-finding team, enquiring into the serious and widespread violation of the fundamental rights of people, through the use and misuse of the laws enacted in Punjab.  It concludes that the laws, by blocking all channels of legitimate dissent, are throttling those very forces of democratic opinion which can best combat communalism and restore normalcy.

BASTAR: AN INVESTIGATION INTO AN ENCOUNTER

The report of a joint fact-finding team with PUCL (Madhya Pradesh) and CPDR (Nagpur), into the killing of Ganapati, a political activist, in an alleged encounter. The report outlines various issues in Bastar connected with forests and development, and the struggle for fair wages for Tendu leaf picking, which was the immediate context of the killing.

 

[Note: This is a very lightly edited version of an annotated list of publications brought out by PUDR in 1985]